The Parc Monceau district lies between Rue de Courcelles and Boulevard Malesherbes. In the 18th century, Louis-Philippe d’Orléans, Duke of Chartres, had a residence on the Monceau plain surrounded by a park strewn with exotic monuments known as fabriques. In the 19th century, the city of Paris bought the land to create a public park. Around it, the Pereire brothers, famous financiers, created a luxury housing development with mansions and gated avenues with four monumental gold-plated iron gates.